*Correspondence to: Antonino Messina, Congress of the Italian Hand Surgery Society, President and Founder of the Italian Society for Surgery of the
Extremities, Italy
Received: May 18, 2026; Accepted: May 25, 2026; Published: May 29, 2026
Citation: Messina A (2026) The Alternative Hypothesis of Peripheral Nerve Pathway Penetration of Coronavirus and all other Viruses in the Body. J
Nanomed Nanotech Nanomat. 7: 119.
Copyright: ©2026 Messina A, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The aim of this study is to propose the peripheral nerve pathway and its mechanism for the penetration of Covid-19 and all other viruses in the body by means of the peripheral nerve endings of parasympathetic and sympathetic systems.
Introduction: Today, other than pulmonary infection, we must also consider Covid-19 and all other viruses penetration through the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve system. In addition to the pulmonary and alveolar tissue penetration mechanism, the virus RNA electrical polarity and the nanoparticle spike electrical polarity of the Coronavirus’s surface may also interact, through their electro-chemical properties, with the Golgi apparatus and the terminal endings of the body’s peripheral nerve axons. Many patients who have recovered from Covid-19 suffer from loss of taste, numbness of the tongue and alteration of smell, sublingual microangioma, contracture of the masseter muscle, decreased mouth opening, polyarthralgia, mild soreness of the entire body and cognitive problems. It is obvious that contagion could start from the buccal mucosa via the Golgi apparatus and the nervous endings of olfactory and taste nerves apparatus (First site of the neural penetration mechanism for Covid-19 and all other viruses?).
Materials: Our research has mathematically evaluated the numerical intensity of the environmental accumulation of the Coronavirus in the alveolar surface of the lung, corresponding to thousands of billions of Covid-19 and all other viruses virus particles having, like CNT particles, electrical polarity. By means of both factors (RNA polarity and protein spikes polarity) the Coronavirus may be able to attack and promote cellular and molecular interaction in sensitive peripheral nerves of the body through the Golgi apparatus of mucosa, the olfactory and the Frank taste nerve, and the Alderman nerve of the outer ear. Such axonal stimulation could produce cellular migration on nervous axonal cells up to the cervical ganglia of the parasympathetic (Vagus nerve) and sympathetic trunk. Through the Vagus neurons and the sympathetic system, by means of its electro-chemical interaction with different organic molecules, the Covid-19 virus could produce (like the Zoster virus) an inflammation of nerve fibers into the interstitial neurofibrillary tangles of alveolar wall of lungs and the entire pulmonary plexus, producing lesions to give a partial or complete palsy of the lung innervation.
This means of contagion may have been the Coronavirus’s initial penetration of the human body and have been contemporary to the interstitial viral pneumonia.
Conclusion: We want to propose the peripheral nerve pathway as a means of entry of the Coronavirus and all other viruses into the body and its own important role in the inflammatory pulmonary plexus involvement. Our new views into the mechanism for inflammation of the interstitial alveolar pulmonary walls produced by the virus try to clarify the pathology mechanism and stimulate further studies for better treatment of Covid-19 and all other viruses and their peripheral nervous complications.
Keywords: Covid-19; CNTs; Peripheral nerves; Spike mechanism; Pathology